Diseño de intervención sociosanitaria para mejorar calidad de vida en pacientes cardiovasculares adultos en rehabilitación.
Ivisel Alicia Infante Delgado , Maydelis Ávila Martín , Nora Idalma Trigo Manso
Resumen
Health-related quality of life has a close link with cardiovascular diseases, which must be treated through rehabilitation. The objective of the research was to design a socio-health intervention strategy to improve the quality of life in patients with cardiovascular diseases in phase II of rehabilitation. A descriptive, cross-sectional study was carried out, which took place during the months of January to July 2023 in the Cardiology service of the “Manuel Ascunce Domenech” Clinical Surgical University Hospital in the province of Camagüey. Selection criteria were taken into account when choosing the sample. In the psychosocial characterization, interviews and observation were used and the psychological evaluation instruments were applied: the Beck Depression Inventory, the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, the Perceived Stress Scale, and the Mac New Heart Disease Questionnaire for quality of life, which was validated in a Cuban population of cardiovascular patients. As results, high levels of perceived stress were evident, the patients did not show depression, but they did show medium and high levels of anxiety as a state and trait, the quality of life in the physical, emotional, social and global dimensions was rated as Regular throughout the study. sample. The validation of the strategy was carried out taking into account expert criteria through the office discussion technique, which was made up of 12 work sessions to allow patients to improve their quality of life, restructuring negative emotional attitudes that favor the appearance of cardiovascular diseases.